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India Population 2023
India (Republic of India) is a country in Southern Asia. India is the second most populous country in the world, with more than 1 billion representing 17.7% of the world’s population. By Land area, it’s the seventh-largest country in the world.
As per the Indian Census population projection reports, the population of India in 2022 is 13,75,586,000 (1.38 billion or 138 Crores)
Source: Indian Census population projection reports 2011-2036
Census Projections
India has a population growth rate during 2020-2021 of 0.99%. Its estimated population in 2023 is 13,88,163 (1.39 billion or 139 Crore) equivalent to 18.47% of the total world population. The total land area of India is 2,973,190 sq. km (1,147,960 sq. mi) & population density is 458 people per sq. km (1198 people per sq. mi)
Population of India in 2023 – 1.39 Billion or 139 Crore (Approx)
| India | 2022 Population |
| Total Population | 1,375,586,000 |
| Male Population | 706,912,000 |
| Female Population | 668,674,000 |
| Global Rank | 2 |
| Share of World Pop. | 17.70% |
| Area | 2,973,190 Sq. Km (1,147,960 sq. mi) |
| Area Rank | 7th |
| Density | 462 person/sq. km (1198/sq. mi.) |
Source: Indian Census population projection reports 2011-2036
India Demographics
| Fertility Rate* in India | 2 |
| Infant mortality rate** in India | 28.3 |
| Median Age In India | 28.4 Years |
| Life Expectancy in India | 70.42 year |
| Urban Population of India | 35% |
Source: Census 2011
*Fertility rate, the average number of children born to women during their reproductive years.
**Infant mortality rate is the number of deaths per 1,000 live births of children under one year of age.
India Historical Population
India has a population growth rate of 17.70% from 2001-to 2011. At the start of the 2oth century, India’s Population was 24 Crore and didn’t see much growth till 1931. By 1960 it saw good growth and doubled around 44 crores. After the 1950s till 2001 population growth rate is high and registered + 20% growth.
India’s population touched 100 crores or 1 billion in the 2001 census. In the last two decades, the growth rate declined a bit & now it’s around 15%.
Let’s look at decade population & percentage change from the Year 1910 to 2021
| Census Year | Population | Absolute Change | Percent Change |
| 1901 | 238,396,327 | – | – |
| 1911 | 252,093,390 | +13,697,063 | 5.75% |
| 1921 | 251,321,213 | – 772,177 | – 0.31 |
| 1931 | 278,977,238 | +27,656,025 | 11.00 % |
| 1941 | 318,660,580 | +39,683,342 | 14.22% |
| 1951 | 361,088,090 | +42,420,485 | 13.31% |
| 1961 | 439,234,771 | +77,682,873 | 21.51% |
| 1971 | 548,159,652 | +108,924,881 | 24.80% |
| 1981 | 683,329,097 | +135,169,445 | 24.66% |
| 1991 | 846,421,039 | +163,091,942 | 23.87% |
| 2001 | 1,028,737,436 | +182,316,397 | 21.54% |
| 2011 | 1,210,854,977 | +182,117,541 | 17.70% |
Source: India Census 2011
Hinduism is the main religion in India. In fact, India is the largest Hindu nation in the world & 94% percent of the World’s Hindu population live in India. Islam also has large followers in India & 15% of the Population follows it. Christians, Buddism, Sikhs, Jain are other minority religions in India per the census data, which was compiled in 2011 the breakup of India population on religion basis is as Follows
- Hinduism: 966.3 million – 79.8%
- Islam: 172.2 million – 14.2%
- Christians: 27.8 million – 2.3%
- Sikhs: 20.8 million – 1.7%
- Others ( Buddhist, Jains etc.) – 2%
For more details visit Religion in India
Source: Census 2011
Top Cities in India by Population