Christianity is the dominant religion in Spain, with 68% of the population identifying as Christian, the majority being Catholic. Other Christian affiliations make up less than 1%. Unaffiliated individuals account for 29%, including atheists, agnostics, or those with no particular belief. Among them, 86% were raised as Christians.

Non-Christian faiths make up 3% of the population. Islam is the second-largest religion, growing significantly due to immigration since the 2000s. Jews comprise less than 0.2%, mainly residing in Barcelona, Madrid, and Málaga.

Hinduism arrived in the early 20th century, with 40,000–50,000 Hindus, mostly from India, Nepal, and Bangladesh. There are around 40 Hindu temples in Spain. Buddhism has about 90,000 followers and 300,000 sympathizers, with nearly 300 Buddhist centers.

Other smaller faiths include Sikhism, Paganism, Taoism, and other minor religious groups.

Source: Pew Research Center and estimates

Religious Demographics in Spain (2010–2050)

According to Pew Research projections, Christianity remains the dominant religion in Spain but is steadily declining, dropping from 78.6% in 2010 to a projected 65.2% by 2050. At the same time, the unaffiliated population is increasing, rising from 19.0% to 26.5%. Islam, largely driven by immigration, is growing from 2.1% in 2010 to 7.5% by 2050. Other religious groups remain below 1% of the population.

Source: PEW research center