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Religion in Europe 2023
As of 2023, Christianity was by far the largest religion in Europe, with an estimated 535 million adherents, encompassing nearly two-thirds (72.23%) of the total European population of 740 million. Following this, the unaffiliated population comes next, estimated at around 148 million people, constituting approximately 20% of the European population.
The unaffiliated population in Europe refers to individuals who do not identify with any specific religious belief or affiliation. This diverse and multifaceted segment includes agnostics, atheists, secularists, and those who may not adhere to any particular religious doctrine.
Islam stood as the second-largest religion with 50 million adherents, making up about 6.81% of the European population. Hinduism and Buddhism each comprised 0.23% of the population, with an estimated 1.7 million and 1.6 million adherents respectively. The Jewish population accounted for only 0.18% of Europe’s total population, estimated at 1.3 million adherents.
also read about Top Countries by Christian Population
As of 2023, Christianity was the largest religion in Europe, followed by the Unaffiliated population. Islam is the second largest religion followed by Hinduism and Buddhists. Folk Religion and other religions which include Buddhism, Sikhism, and African beliefs are in smaller numbers and numbered around 2 million in total
Let’s look at the Europe population by adherents
| Religion | Est. Population 2020 |
| Christians | 534,970,000 |
| Unaffiliated | 148,410,000 |
| Muslims | 50,470,000 |
| Hindus | 1,710,000 |
| Buddhists | 1,670,000 |
| Jews | 1,370,000 |
| Folk Religions | 1,050,000 |
| Other Religions | 970,000 |
| Total | 740,600,000 |
Source: Pew Research Center
also read about the Asia population by Religion
Religion in Europe by Percentage
| Religion | Percentage |
| Christians | 72.23% |
| Unaffiliated | 20.04% |
| Muslims | 6.81% |
| Hindus | 0.23% |
| Buddhists | 0.23% |
| Jews | 0.18% |
| Folk Religions | 0.14% |
| Other Religions | 0.13% |
Source: Pew Research Center
also read about African population by religion
Top European Countries by Christian Population
Russia is the country with the Largest Christian population in Europe. It has an estimated 100 million people who adhere to Christianity. With a 53 million Christian population, Germany is in second place followed by Italy. The United Kingdom with a 38 million Christian population is in 4th place closely followed by France in the fifth spot.
Let’s have a Top 10 countries in Europe by the Christian population.
| Rank | Country | Estimated Christians Pop. 2020 | Percentage Christians Pop. |
| 1 | Russia | 101,900,000 | 72.90% |
| 2 | Germany | 53,190,000 | 66.00% |
| 3 | Italy | 48,720,000 | 80.80% |
| 4 | United Kingdom | 38,020,000 | 59.10% |
| 5 | France | 37,940,000 | 58.10% |
| 6 | Ukraine | 36,860,000 | 85.60% |
| 7 | Spain | 36,410,000 | 75.20% |
| 8 | Poland | 35,120,000 | 92.50% |
| 9 | Romania | 20,320,000 | 99.00% |
| 10 | Greece | 9,850,000 | 87.60% |
Source: Pew Research Center
Top European Countries by Muslim Population
Russia is the country with the largest Muslim population in Europe. It has an estimated 16 million people who adhere to Islam. With a 5.5 million Muslim population, Germany is in second place closely followed by France. The United Kingdom with a 4 million Muslim population is in 4th place followed by Italy in the fifth spot.
Let’s have a Top 10 countries in Europe by the Muslim population.
| Rank | Country | Estimated Muslim Pop. 2020 | Percentage |
| 1 | Russia | 15,940,000 | 11.40% |
| 2 | Germany | 5,530,000 | 6.90% |
| 3 | France | 5,430,000 | 8.30% |
| 4 | United Kingdom | 3,950,000 | 6.10% |
| 5 | Italy | 2,960,000 | 4.90% |
| 6 | Albania | 2,640,000 | 82.10% |
| 7 | Kosovo | 1,750,000 | 94.30% |
| 8 | Bosnia-Herzegovina | 1,650,000 | 46.50% |
| 9 | Spain | 1,610,000 | 3.30% |
| 10 | Netherlands | 1,170,000 | 6.90% |
Percentage-wise top Top countries in Europe by the Muslim
Kosovo is the country with the largest percentage of the Muslim population in Europe. It has an estimated 94.3% of people adhere to Islam. Albania with 82.1% comes next and Bosnia-Herzegovina with 46.5% is at third spot.
| # | Country | % Muslim pop. |
| 1 | Kosovo | 94.3% |
| 2 | Albania | 82.1% |
| 3 | Bosnia-Herzegovina | 46.5% |
| 4 | Republic of Macedonia | 43.6% |
| 5 | Montenegro | 20.3% |
| 6 | Bulgaria | 14.2% |
| 7 | Georgia | 11.6% |
| 8 | Russia | 11.4% |
| 9 | France | 8.3% |
| 10 | Belgium | 7.5% |
Source: Pew Research Center
Top European Countries by Unaffiliated Population
The Czech Republic with a 78.4% Unaffiliated population is the highest in Europe. Estonia with 60.2% is at the second spot followed by Latvia (45.3%).
Let’s have a Top 10 countries in Europe by the Unaffiliated population.
| # | Country | Unaffiliated Population % |
| 1 | Czech Republic | 78.4% |
| 2 | Estonia | 60.2% |
| 3 | Latvia | 45.3% |
| 4 | Netherlands | 44.3% |
| 5 | France | 31.9% |
| 6 | United Kingdom | 31.2% |
| 7 | Belgium | 31% |
| 8 | Sweden | 29% |
| 9 | Belarus | 28.6% |
| 10 | Luxembourg | 26.7% |
Source: Pew Research Center